Raman scattering and interstitial Li defects induced polarization in co-doped multiferroic Zn 0.96-y Co 0.04 Li y O (0.00≤ y≤ 0.10) nanoparticles

Structural and Raman analysis confirmed a single phase wurtzite hexagonal crystalline structure of Li co-doped ZnO nanoparticles. In the Raman backscattering spectra, ELow2and EHigh2 modes corresponded to zinc and oxygen lattice vibrations. No extra vibration modes of secondary or metallic phases of Co or Li were observed. The intensity of Raman modes decreased with increasing Li content.